Lorazepam
Trade Names: Ativan
Class: Anticonvulsant, Sedative
Pharmacology:
Onset: 1-5 min IV 15-30 min IM
Duration: 6-8 hr
Binds to specific sites on the GABA Type A receptors and potentiate the effects of the GABA on the brain. Higher levels of GABA cause sedation
Indications:
Major Motor Seizures
Status Epilepticus
Premedication for Cardioversion
Acute Anxiety States
Contraindications:
Known Hypersensitivity
Cautions:
Should be diluted with NS of D5W
Flumazenil should be available
CNS Depressants and alcohol cause additive effects
Side Effects:
Hypotension
Drowsiness
Headache
Amnesia
Respiratory Depression
Blurred Vision
Nausea & Vomiting
Dosage:
Adult Seizure Activity: 0.5-2 mg IV
Special Considerations:
Pregnancy Safety: Category D
Short Acting drug; may require additional doses
Flumazenil should be available
Must be stored at 35-45 degrees F