Diazepam
Trade Names: Valium
Class: Anticonvulsant/ Sedative
Pharmacology:
Onset: 1-5 min (IV) 15-30 min (IM)
Duration: 15-60 min
Binds to specific sites on the GABA Type A receptors and potentiate the effects of the GABA on the brain. Higher levels of GABA cause sedation
Indications:
Major Motor Seizures
Status Epilepticus
Premedication for Cardioversion
Skeletal Muscle Relaxant
Acute Anxiety States
Contraindications: Known Hypersensitivity
Cautions:
Short acting, Seizures may recur
Flumazenil should be available as antidote
Should only be given through large veins and should not be given faster than 1 mL/min
Side Effects:
Respiratory Depression
Hypotension
Drowsiness
Headache
Amnesia
Blurred Vision
Nausea & Vomiting
Administration:
Adult seizures: 5-10 mg IV
Adult Acute Anxiety: 2-5 mg IM
Adult Prior to Cardioversion: 5-15 mg IV
Special Considerations:
Incompatible with many medications. IV line should be flushed thoroughly.
Flumazenil must be on hand
Pregnancy Safety: Category D